Neural Progenitor Cells and the Hypothalamus Biology Diagrams Cortical neurons and glia are generated by neural progenitor cells during development. Ensuring the correct cell cycle kinetics, fate behavior and lineage progression of neural progenitor cells is essential to determine the number and types of neurons and glia in the cerebral cortex, which together constitute neural circuits for brain function.
This concept is referred to as the radial unit hypothesis; it posits that a radial glial cell (neural progenitor) not only sequentially generates neurons, but also serves to guide neurons out of the VZ along long processes. Cell Cycle 10, 4026-31. doi: 10.4161/cc.10.23.18578. [PMC free article] [Google Scholar] Chen B, Schaevitz LR 1. Introduction. Neural stem and progenitor cells are the building blocks of the brain. In the embryo, these cells are located in proliferative zones and produce a variety of neurons and glia through tightly regulated processes that result in the generation of the diversity and complexity of the cellular phenotypes found in the adult brain [1 - 8].
independent transitions in temporal identity of mammalian ... Biology Diagrams
Here, we first introduce the modes of proliferation in neural progenitor cells and summarise evidence linking cell cycle length and neuronal differentiation. Second, we describe the manner in which components of the cell cycle machinery can have additional and, sometimes, cell-cycle-independent roles in directly regulating neurogenesis Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) shape the developing brain by generating neurons and glial cells. Unlike fully differentiated cells, NPCs retain the ability to proliferate and differentiate into specific neural lineages, ensuring proper brain formation during embryonic and early postnatal development. Importantly, our findings, together with observations on isolated neuronal progenitors in culture (Lukaszewicz et al., 2002) and transgenic mice (Hodge et al., 2004), suggest that shortening the cell cycle of neural progenitor cells should prevent their differentiation. This may be a crucial aspect for somatic stem cells in general, which have
In neural precursors, cell cycle regulators simultaneously control both progression through the cell cycle and the probability of a cell fate switch. Haubensak W., Haffner C., Huttner W.B. Selective lengthening of the cell cycle in the neurogenic subpopulation of neural progenitor cells during mouse brain development. J. Neurosci. 2005; 25: Neural stem and progenitor cells. Chenn, A. & Walsh, C. A. Regulation of cerebral cortical size by control of cell cycle exit in neural precursors. Science 297, 365-369 (2002).
Visualizing Cell Cycle Phase Organization and Control During Neural ... Biology Diagrams
The time taken by neural stem cells and intermediate progenitor cells to transit through the cell cycle, and number of times they divide, is essential information to understand how new neurons are produced in the adult rodent brain. Inferred lineage and cell cycle parameters for V-SVZ progenitor cells. Data suggest that after the initial
